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Data acquisition is the process of sampling signals that measure real world physical conditions and converting the resulting samples into digital numeric values that can be manipulated by a computer. Data acquisition systems, abbreviated by the acronyms ''DAS'' or ''DAQ'', typically convert analog waveforms into digital values for processing. The components of data acquisition systems include: * Sensors, to convert physical parameters to electrical signals. * Signal conditioning circuitry, to convert sensor signals into a form that can be converted to digital values. * Analog-to-digital converters, to convert conditioned sensor signals to digital values. Data acquisition applications are usually controlled by software programs developed using various general purpose programming languages such as Assembly, BASIC, C, C++, C#, Fortran, Java, LabVIEW, Lisp, Pascal, etc. Stand-alone data acquisition systems are often called data loggers. There are also open-source software packages providing all the necessary tools to acquire data from different hardware equipment. These tools come from the scientific community where complex experiment requires fast, flexible and adaptable software. Those packages are usually custom fit but more general DAQ package like the Maximum Integrated Data Acquisition System can be easily tailored and is used in several physics experiments worldwide. ==History== In 1963, IBM produced computers which specialized in data acquisition. These include the IBM 7700 Data Acquisition System, and its successor, the IBM 1800 Data Acquisition and Control System. These expensive specialized systems were surpassed in 1974 by general purpose S-100 computers and data acquisitions cards produced by Tecmar/Scientific Solutions Inc. In 1981 IBM introduced the IBM Personal Computer and Scientific Solutions introduced the first PC data acquisition products. 〔COMDEX Fall November 18, 1981 Las Vegas, NV, "Tecmar shows 20 IBM PC option card.. LabMaster, LabTender, DADIO, DeviceTender, IEEE-488.."〕 〔PC Magazine Vol1 No.1, "Taking the Measure" by David Bunnell, "Tecmar deployed 20 option cards for the IBM PC"〕 〔PC Magazine Vol1 No.5, "Tecmar Triumph" by David Bunnell, ''Scientific Solutions releases 20 new products for the PC''〕 〔BYTE Vol7 No.1 "Scientific Solutions – Advertisement for data acquisition boards, stepper controllers, IEEE-488 products〕 〔Test&Measurement World Vol 11 No 10 Decade of Progress Award: Scientific Solutions – LabMaster First in PC Data Acquisition〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Data acquisition」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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